腹壁可触及肿物的放疗鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 凹尿管细菌感染A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )凹尿管细菌感染见于凹和鼻腔之间，并不一定位于凹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于仅位于凹下。这些细菌感染可发挥为完全无回波或低回波。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 绘出11A，凹尿管细菌感染，此细菌感染已受细菌感染，内部成份微弱回波的黏性。B，凹尿管细菌感染，错愕的细菌感染前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis乳房小肠乳癌Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).面有乳房小肠乳癌是乳房手术后的长期合并症，无特殊发挥，但可于在此之前手术的瘢痕三处见一大面积肿物，并有周期普遍性的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 绘出12 ，剖宫产伤疤三处乳房小肠乳癌

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 面有血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于发作普遍性咳嗽后、喷嚏或癫痫发作后，其早先并不一定是抗凝治疗或出血普遍性癌症。由于血肿上限于腹直肌鞘内，并不一定不很大，其形状根据所三处左边而定，在弓形该线以上，血肿常为卵圆形，天文单位呈上下斜向，可于一侧碰到（绘出13A）；在弓形该线此表，由于腹两条该线缺如，可扩展横过中会该线，因此血肿发挥为分叶状，其最大宽度位于横轴上。在婴儿面有血肿可见于凹上平行扩展（绘出13B、C）。术后低质量普遍性肾脏内过氧化物的病人可于面有手术瘢痕附近碰到大的血肿（绘出13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 绘出13A，一中会年妇女剧烈咳嗽后腹直肌鞘血肿，上标示意腹横筋膜。B，婴儿面有血肿。C，一婴儿凹腹腔黏附三处上面的面有血肿。UV，凹腹腔。D，一低质量普遍性肾脏内过氧化物的剖宫产术后病人额头三处面有血肿。

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